Sahip Ata Complex
Sahip Ata Mosque
One of the most important architectural examples which hold the memories of the Anatolian Seljuk period in Konya is the Sahip Ata Complex. The complex consists of a mosque, a Khanqah, a shrine, a Turkish bath and shops. All of these were not constructed on a single plan, but on different plans at different times. The first of these structures, the mosque took the name Larende Mosque in the process due to its location. The Mosque is located in the Larende District of Konya, opposite the Larende Gate of the old City Wall, at the intersection of Karaman and Meram Road.
According to the inscription on the North Side Gate, the mosque was built in H.656/M.1258 by one of the famous viziers of the Seljuk Period, Sahin Ata Fahreddin Ali, son of Hacı Ebubekir Zade Hüseyin during the reign of Keykavus II.
The structure has lost its unique status a lot with the repairs performed. Both interior and exterior layout has completely changed. Survived two fires according to records, the mosque was rebuilt in 1871. It was understood that Mosque was becoming small and simplified because of the repairs which were not done according to original plan. Today’s Mosque was constructed on the place where the first structure was completely destroyed due to fire except tile mosaic altar, the monumental entrance, wooden door wings exhibited in the museum and wooden window wing which controls the road towards the shrine.
The structure has lost its unique status a lot with the repairs performed. Both interior and exterior layout has completely changed. Survived two fires according to records, the mosque was rebuilt in 1871. It was understood that Mosque was becoming small and simplified because of the repairs which were not done according to original plan. Today’s Mosque was constructed on the place where the first structure was completely destroyed due to fire except tile mosaic altar, the monumental entrance, wooden door wings exhibited in the museum and wooden window wing which controls the road towards the shrine.
The Mosque was built after the fire and has five naves extending perpendicular to the mihrab wall and covered with a hipped roof. The distance in the north-south direction of the mosque was kept shorter than the previous structure. In the structure, there are three wooden poles on each nave and the wooden legs are connected to each other and to the walls by Bursa Arches was put vertically to the mihrab.
Sahip Ata Khankah
The Sahip Ata Khanqah is located south of Sahip Ata Mosque on Larende Street in Sahip Ata quarter of Meram District in Konya. Khankah is in front of the entrance to the Larende Road (today’s Karaman Road) just outside of the City Wall of Konya in the Seljuk Period.
According to inscription on the upper part of the Crown Entrance, the structure was built by Sahip Ata Fahreddin Ali son of famous Seljuk Vizier Hacı Ebubekir Zade Hüseyin in 678 H / 1279 A.D. during the reign of Seljuk Sultan Giyaseddin Keyhusrev III. The architect of the structure is unknown.
There are shops located both sides of the entrance in a shape of iwan towards to East side of the structure. The entrance to Khanqah is through the gateway between the shops. There are two rectangular rooms in the south and north part of the structure. The inner courtyard was identified as the centre of the Khanqah. A gateway is used to pass towards the courtyard. In the form of a square with bevelled corners, the inner courtyard is covered with a dome with a luminous lantern at the top of the structure. There is an octagonal pool in the middle of the courtyard.
There are shops located both sides of the entrance in a shape of iwan towards to East side of the structure. The entrance to Khanqah is through the gateway between the shops. There are two rectangular rooms in the south and north part of the structure. The inner courtyard was identified as the centre of the Khanqah. A gateway is used to pass towards the courtyard. In the form of a square with bevelled corners, the inner courtyard is covered with a dome with a luminous lantern at the top of the structure. There is an octagonal pool in the middle of the courtyard.
With its structural form, Sahip Ata Khanqah is one of the biggest known Khanqahs and Lodges in 13th Century in Seljuk World. In addition, it has become one of the most important works of its period with its decoration by looking at the tile ornaments that have partially survived to the present day. The similarity between this Khanqah and Central Asian houses with a central dome and axial iwans of the 11th and 13th centuries in the Marv and Tirmidhi regions is clearly present. It once again reveals the importance of this building in terms of art history and architecture.
Sahip Ata Shrine
The Shrine is located between qibla wall of Sahip Ata Mosque and Khanqah on Larende Street in Sahip Ata quarter of Meram District in Konya. Sahip Ata has lost two of his sons in 675 H. / 1276 A.D. His two Seljuk Emir sons also died in this uprising. His father had made a shrine for both sons in front of mihrab of the Mosque. Three years later (1279), he had built the Khanqah. But later on, he wants to be buried next to his beloved sons. Bodies of Father and Sons would stay under one roof since they could not be together in this world. For this reason, old tomb was demolished and a larger and more magnificent family tomb was built on that place and two doors were build towards the Khanqah and the Shrine
The Shrine has a square plan and opens to the eastern front with a large arch. The cubic body is covered with a dome resting. It is situated on the large and pointed arch in the east and on the body walls in the other three directions. The gateway towards the Shrine is done by Turkish triangles. From the inner courtyard of the Khanqah, the crypt of the Shrine is reached by the stairs located under the northern iwan. The stellar vault is covered in the front area and is now covered with a sloping wooden roof. Khanqah is connected via Southern Door and Northern door connected Mosque and Shrine. In addition, the Shrine is connected to the Khanqah with its two-storey window in the south, to the mosque with a window to the north, and to the outside with the window to the east.
The shrine, which reminds of a small tile museum with its unique tiles, also has an important place in Turkish Tile Art.
The shrine, which reminds of a small tile museum with its unique tiles, also has an important place in Turkish Tile Art.
Sahip Ata Hamam
The Shrine is located east of Sahip Ata’s Khanqah and Shrine outside of Larende Gate in Konya city centre.
The Hamam is built to ensure the cleanliness of the workers taken part in construction of the mosque. However, it may have been built a little while ago for income generation or just after the Mosque. There is no inscription anywhere in the bath that gives information about the date of construction, the builder and the architect. Located in Sahip Ata Compound, outside of Larende Gate of Konya Castle, this Hamam is also called Hamam-i Sultani, Sahip Ata Hamam, Sultan Hamam, Larende Gate Hamam and Larende Hamam.
It is thought to be built between 1258-1279 after Sahip Ata’s Mosque, Shrine and Khanqah and by Sahip Ata himself. The architect is thought to be Keluk bin Abdullah, the architect of this Compound. The inscription is not available.
This building, which is one of the largest known double baths from the Seljuk Period, covers a rectangular area extending in the east-west direction. The men’s section of the Hamam is accessed via West, and women’s section of the Hamam is accessed via South. There is a KEÇELİK section between Warm and Cold sections of the Hamam. Men’s and women’s section is built according to cruciform plan and corner cell plan. There is a difference between the men's section in the north and the women's section in the south with only in that the spaces in the men's section are slightly larger.
The Hamam is built to ensure the cleanliness of the workers taken part in construction of the mosque. However, it may have been built a little while ago for income generation or just after the Mosque. There is no inscription anywhere in the bath that gives information about the date of construction, the builder and the architect. Located in Sahip Ata Compound, outside of Larende Gate of Konya Castle, this Hamam is also called Hamam-i Sultani, Sahip Ata Hamam, Sultan Hamam, Larende Gate Hamam and Larende Hamam.
It is thought to be built between 1258-1279 after Sahip Ata’s Mosque, Shrine and Khanqah and by Sahip Ata himself. The architect is thought to be Keluk bin Abdullah, the architect of this Compound. The inscription is not available.
This building, which is one of the largest known double baths from the Seljuk Period, covers a rectangular area extending in the east-west direction. The men’s section of the Hamam is accessed via West, and women’s section of the Hamam is accessed via South. There is a KEÇELİK section between Warm and Cold sections of the Hamam. Men’s and women’s section is built according to cruciform plan and corner cell plan. There is a difference between the men's section in the north and the women's section in the south with only in that the spaces in the men's section are slightly larger.
SAHİP ATA KÜLLİYESİ İLE İGİLİ KAYNAKÇA
Atçeken, Z., “Konya Şer’iyye Sicil Kayıtlarına Göre Sahib Ata Külliyesinin Osmanlılar Zamanında Tamirleri ve Camiin Bazı Bilinmeyen Yönleri”,
S.Ü. Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi
, Sayı:VI, Konya, 1992, s.101-108.
Akok, M., Konya’da Sahib Ata Hanikah, Camiinin Röleve ve Mimarisi”, Türk Arkeoloji Dergisi , Sayı:XIX/II (1970), Ankara, 1972, s.5-38.
Başar, M.E., XII-XIII. Yüzyıl Anadolu Minareleri , Konya,1997, s.164-174, (S.Ü.Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Basılmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi).
Başar, M., E., Konya Selçuklu Minarelerinde Restorasyon Denemeleri , Konya, 1988, s.116-127,( S.Ü.Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Basılmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi).
Bayburtluoğlu, Z., “Anadolu Selçuklu Devri Büyük Programlı Yapılarda Önyüz Düzeni”, Vakıflar Dergisi , Sayı: XI, Ankara, 1976, s.81.
Erdemir, Y., “Ünlü Selçuklu Veziri Sahib Ata Akşehirli midir?”, I.Uluslararası Akşehir Nasreddin Hoca Sempozyumu (Bilgi Şöleni) , 6-7 Temmuz 2005, Akşehir, Akşehir Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları 6, s.21-29, resim 1-18.
Karamağaralı, H., Sahib Ata Camii’nin Restitüsyonu Hakkında Bir Deneme”, Röleve ve Restorasyon Dergisi , Sayı:III, Ankara, 1982, s.49–75.
Katoğlu, M. “XIII. Yüzyıl Anadolu Türk Mimarisinde Külliye”, Belleten , Cilt: XXXI, Sayı:123, Ankara, 1967, s.366, 341–342.
Merçil, E., “Sahip Ata”, TDV İslam Ansiklopedisi , Cilt:XXXV, 2008, s.515-516.
Mimiroğlu, İ.M., “Sahib Ata Camii Mihrabındaki Lüster Çiniler”, Yeni İpek Yolu Konya Ticaret Odası Dergisi Konya Kitabı Özel Sayı (Aralık 2007) , Sayı:X, Konya, 2007,s.463-471.
Önge, Y., “Konya Sahib Ata Hankâhı”, Suut Kemal Yetkin’e Armağan , Ankara, 1984, s.281-292.
Parlak, S., "Sahib Ata Külliyesi", TDV İslam Ansiklopedisi , Cilt: XXXV, s.516-518.
Sarre, F., “Konya Selçuklu Abideleri” (çev. S. Uzluk- A. O. Öztürk) Konya, 1999 (ayrı basım), Yeni İpek Yolu Özel Sayı , Konya II; s. 100–142.
Tuncer, O., C., “Konya Sahib-Ata Hankâhı Tâk Kapısının Geometrisi”, Lale Dergisi , Sayı:2, İstanbul, 1984.
Tuncer, O., C., “Orantı ve Modül Üzerine Selçuklu Yapılarından Bazı Örnekler”, Vakıflar Dergisi , Sayı: XIII, Ankara, 1981, s.456-457.
Yavuzyılmaz, A., Sahib Ata Külliyesinde Yapılan Restorasyon Çalışmaları , Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Sanat Tarihi Anabilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Semineri, Konya, 2009.
Yörükoğlu, Ö., “Sahib Ata Araştırması Buluntuları”, Vakıflar Dergisi , Sayı: XI, Ankara, 1977, s.217-220.
Yörükoğlu, Ö., Sahib Ata Araştırması”, VII Türk Tarih Kongresi, Kongreye Sunulan Bildiriler , Cilt :I, Ankara, 1981, s.899–906.
Akok, M., Konya’da Sahib Ata Hanikah, Camiinin Röleve ve Mimarisi”, Türk Arkeoloji Dergisi , Sayı:XIX/II (1970), Ankara, 1972, s.5-38.
Başar, M.E., XII-XIII. Yüzyıl Anadolu Minareleri , Konya,1997, s.164-174, (S.Ü.Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Basılmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi).
Başar, M., E., Konya Selçuklu Minarelerinde Restorasyon Denemeleri , Konya, 1988, s.116-127,( S.Ü.Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Basılmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi).
Bayburtluoğlu, Z., “Anadolu Selçuklu Devri Büyük Programlı Yapılarda Önyüz Düzeni”, Vakıflar Dergisi , Sayı: XI, Ankara, 1976, s.81.
Erdemir, Y., “Ünlü Selçuklu Veziri Sahib Ata Akşehirli midir?”, I.Uluslararası Akşehir Nasreddin Hoca Sempozyumu (Bilgi Şöleni) , 6-7 Temmuz 2005, Akşehir, Akşehir Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları 6, s.21-29, resim 1-18.
Karamağaralı, H., Sahib Ata Camii’nin Restitüsyonu Hakkında Bir Deneme”, Röleve ve Restorasyon Dergisi , Sayı:III, Ankara, 1982, s.49–75.
Katoğlu, M. “XIII. Yüzyıl Anadolu Türk Mimarisinde Külliye”, Belleten , Cilt: XXXI, Sayı:123, Ankara, 1967, s.366, 341–342.
Merçil, E., “Sahip Ata”, TDV İslam Ansiklopedisi , Cilt:XXXV, 2008, s.515-516.
Mimiroğlu, İ.M., “Sahib Ata Camii Mihrabındaki Lüster Çiniler”, Yeni İpek Yolu Konya Ticaret Odası Dergisi Konya Kitabı Özel Sayı (Aralık 2007) , Sayı:X, Konya, 2007,s.463-471.
Önge, Y., “Konya Sahib Ata Hankâhı”, Suut Kemal Yetkin’e Armağan , Ankara, 1984, s.281-292.
Parlak, S., "Sahib Ata Külliyesi", TDV İslam Ansiklopedisi , Cilt: XXXV, s.516-518.
Sarre, F., “Konya Selçuklu Abideleri” (çev. S. Uzluk- A. O. Öztürk) Konya, 1999 (ayrı basım), Yeni İpek Yolu Özel Sayı , Konya II; s. 100–142.
Tuncer, O., C., “Konya Sahib-Ata Hankâhı Tâk Kapısının Geometrisi”, Lale Dergisi , Sayı:2, İstanbul, 1984.
Tuncer, O., C., “Orantı ve Modül Üzerine Selçuklu Yapılarından Bazı Örnekler”, Vakıflar Dergisi , Sayı: XIII, Ankara, 1981, s.456-457.
Yavuzyılmaz, A., Sahib Ata Külliyesinde Yapılan Restorasyon Çalışmaları , Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Sanat Tarihi Anabilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Semineri, Konya, 2009.
Yörükoğlu, Ö., “Sahib Ata Araştırması Buluntuları”, Vakıflar Dergisi , Sayı: XI, Ankara, 1977, s.217-220.
Yörükoğlu, Ö., Sahib Ata Araştırması”, VII Türk Tarih Kongresi, Kongreye Sunulan Bildiriler , Cilt :I, Ankara, 1981, s.899–906.